This section contains more than 700 idimatic expressions organized thematically into 50 logical, easy-to-access categories including common situations, topics, and functions in English.
The idioms within each category share related meaning or purpose. This arrangement makes it esy to successfully find, learn and remember the idioms. The idimos have been carefully selected from dozens of popular newspapers and magazines, workbooks and dictionaries on idiomatic expressions.
Each unit opens with a list of idioms with definitions and example sentences that provide clear contexts for usage. Parentheses indicate if a part of the idioms is optional. Many entries also provide additional synonymous, antonymous or related idioms. If appropirate, grammar and usage notes are included.
Negative and Interrogative structure of Present Indefinite Tense.
Use of Do and Does.
Please Click Here to Watch English Explanation
Please Click Here to Watch Urdu Explanation
Negative Structure of Present Indefinite Tense
S + DO / DOES + NOT + FIRST FORM OF A VERB + O.
We already know what is Present Indefinite and how to use Present Indefinite Tense. In Unit 14 We studied the usage of Present Indefinite Tense and learnt only Affirmative usage of Present Indefinite Tense.
The above is Negative structure Of Present Indefinite Tense, you can see that the structure starts with Subject , plus Do or Does(only in case of third person singular.If you don't know about persons, you can visit Unit 12 ) then (Not) which makes any sentence negative and then first form of the verb and object.Remember that Does is used only in case of Third Person Singular.
e.g.
He does not play cricket. (He third person singular)
I do not play cricket. (I first person singular)
One more thing to remember is not to add (s or es) in case of third person singular with first form of verb in Negative sentences.
e.g.
Correct: He does not play cricket.
Incorrect: He does not plays cricket.
Interrogative Structure of Present Indefinite Tense
DO / DOES + S + FIRST FORM OF A VERB + O.
The usual rule of making a sentence Interrogative in English is to place the helping verbs before the subject and the sentence turns into a question.In Present Indefinite Tense, the helping verbs are Do/Does. That is why you can see the structure starts with Do / Does, I hope you remember when to use Do and When to use Does.Do not add s/es with first form of a verb.
e.g.
Do you go to school?
Does she play cricket?
e.g.
Correct: Does he go to school?
Incorrect: Does he goes to school?
Exercise 1: Complete the sentences. Use the words in parentheses. Use the Present Indefinite Tense.
e.g. Ali (go) goes to school. He (go,not) does not go to college.
Alex (like) tea, but he (like, not) coffee.
Sara (know) Ali, but she (know,not) Hiroshi.
Pablo and Aslam (want) to stay home tonight. They (want,not) to go to a movie.
Saleem (be, not) hungry. He (want,not) a sandwich.
Mr.Smith (drink,not) coffee, but Mr.Jones (drink) 12 cups of coffee every day.
I (be,not) rich. I (have,not) a lot of money.
This pencil (belong,not) to me. It (belong) to Rashid.
My friends (live,not) in the hostel. They (have) an apartment.
It (be) a nice day today. It (be,not) cold. You (need,not) your coat.
Today (be) a holiday. We (have,not) class today.
Check Answers
likes, does not like
knows, does not know
want , do not want
is not , does not want
does not drink , drinks
am not, do not have
does not belong , belongs
do not live , have
is , is not ,do not need
is , do not have
Oral Practice 1
Complete the sentences about yourself using NOT.
A: eat breakfast everyday.
You: I don't eat breakfast everyday.
Exercise 2: Make questions. Give short answers.
For Example:
A: Do you like tea?
B: Yes, I do . (I like tea)
1. A: .
B: . (I don't like coffee.)
2. A: .
B: . (I don't speak Japanese.)
3. A: .
B: . (Ann speaks French.)
4. A: .
B: . (Ann and Tom don't speak Arabic.)
5. A: .
B: . (I do exercise every morning.)
6. A: .
B: . (I don't have an Urdu-English dictionary.)
7. A: .
B: . (The teacher comes to class every day.)
8. A: .
B: . (Ali and Khalid don't do their homework every day.)
9. A: .
B: . (It rains a lot in April.)
10. A: .
B: . (My father lives in Baghdad.)
check Answers
A: Do you like Coffee? B: No, I don't.
A: Do you speak Japanese? B: No, I don't.
A: Does Ann speak French? B: Yes, She does.
A: Do Ann and Tom speak Arabic? B: No, They don't.
A: Do you do exercise every morning? B: Yes, I do.
A: Do you have an Urdu-English dictionary? B: No, I don't.
A: Does the teacher come to class every day? B: Yes, he does.
A: Do Ali and Khalid do their homework every day? B: No, they don't.
A: Does it rain a lot in April? B: Yes, it does.
A: Does your father live in Baghdad? B: Yes, he does.
Oral Practice 2
Answer the questions
Example:
A: Do you like play cricket?
B: Yes , I do OR No, I don't.
A: Does your brother go to college?
B: Yes, he does, OR No, he doesn't.
Adverbs of Frequency with Present Indefinite Tense.
Please click the following to watch the Video Grammar Explanation
English Explanation
Urdu Explanation
Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of frequency are simply adverbs which tell us the frequency of an action.In other words, if you want to tell, how many times or how frequently you do an action, you will have to use an adverb of frequency in your sentence.
e.g. I brush my teeth.
When you say I brush my teeth,it just tells us that you are habitual of brushing your teeth but it does not tell us how many times you do it because there is no adverb of frequency in it. but,when add an adverb of frequency.
e.g. I always brush my teeth.
In the above sentence, the word always is an adverb of frequency and it tells that I do that action 100%.In other words, it means I never miss brushing my teeth.
Observe the following examples:
Salma always drinks tea with lunch.
Always 100%
Ali usually drinks tea with lunch.
Usually 99-90%
Maria often drinks tea with lunch.
Often 90-75%
Raheel sometimes drinks tea with lunch.
Sometimes 75-25%
Arsalan seldom drinks tea with lunch.
Seldom 25-10%
Kashif rarely drinks tea with lunch.
10-1%
Tahir never drinks tea with lunch.
Never 0%
In the above examples, the function of different adverbs of frequency is quite clear. When we use different adverbs of frequency,they show different frequency of an action.
Placing Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of frequency come between the Subject and the Simple Present Verb.
Subject + Adverb of Frequency + Simple Present Verb.
Bob always comes to class.
Mary usually comes to class.
Some adverbs of frequency can come at the beginning or at the end of a sentence.
Sometimes, I get up at seven. (beginning)
I sometimes getup at seven. (Middle)
I getup at seven sometimes. (End)
Oral Practice
Use Always,usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely and never to talk about your activities.
e.g.
eat dinner ------> I always eat dinner.
cook food -----> I never cook food.
please click the following link to start the oral exercise
What happens to a verb in case of Third Person Singular in Present Indefinite Tense.
Please click the following to watch the Video Grammar Presentation
English Explanation
Urdu Explanation
Present Indefinite Tense:
Usage:
There are different uses of Present Indefinite Tense, like it can be used for showing Past and sometimes Future.In this lesson we shall learn a very simple and daily life use of Present indefinite tense which is, showing or describing Daily Life or Habitual Activities.
So it means that we can use Present Indefinite Tense to show daily life routine or habitual actions.Please oberve the following examples:
I wake up at 7 in the morning. (daily life action)
The above sentence tells us about when a person usually wakes up.In this sentence I am talking about an ordinary day in my life.
Observe the next sentence:
I visit my uncle twice a week.(habitual action)
In this sentence I am not describing a daily life action, instead I am describing a habitual action which I do twice a week.
In both of the above examples, There is no time mentioned.I mean to say that both of the sentences do not show any time because when I say , I wake up at 7 in the morning I am not talking about Yesterday , Today or Tomorrow actually I am talking about everytime. This means that this action was present in Past ,it is in Present and most probably will be in Future.
So, remember that when you want to express daily life routine or habitual action ,use Present Indefinite Tense.When you use Present Indefinite Tense to show daily life routine or habitual actions it does not show any time, instead it shows all of the times.
Structure:
(Affirmative Sentences)
Subject + 1st form of a verb + Object add (s/es with Verb 1st form in case of 3rd Person Singular)
For Example:
(a)I eat 2 eggs everyday.
(b)He eat(s) 2 eggs everyday.
observe sentence (b) in which we have added (s) with the first form of verb (eat) because the subject is 3rd Person Singular, so always remember this rule that when you have 3rd Person Singular as a Subject you must add (s/es) with the main verb this rule of adding (s/es) is only for 3rd Person Singular and it does not apply to other Persons.
Here, a question arises, With which verbs we add (s) and with which verbs we add (es).
The usual rule is to add (s)
e.g. He drinks 2 cups of coffee everyday. but if a verb ends at:
sh, ch, s, o , x we add (es) with verb
He teach(es). The verb teach ends at (ch) that is why we added (es) instead of adding (s)
Some verbs end with Y.
If a verb ends with (vowel + Y) e.g. (Play) We will only add (s).But if,
a verb ends with (consonant + Y) e.g (Fly) We will change (Y) into (I) and then add (es)e.g. He fl(ies) a kite.
Again,I would like to inform you not to add (s/es) with any other person even with Third Person Plural.This rule of adding (s/es) is only for Third Person Singular.
Exercise 1: Use the VERBS in italics to complete the sentences.
1. (brush) Anita brushes her hair every morning.
2. (teach) Alex English.
3. (fix) A mechanic cars.
4. (drink) Sonya tea every afternoon.
5. (watch) Ali often television at night.
6. (kiss) Peter always his children goodnight.
7. (wear) Tina usually jeans to class.
8. (wash) Erica seldom dishes.
9. (walk) Jessica her dog twice each day.
10.(stretch, When Don gets up in the morning,he and
yawn)
Exercise 2:Use the words in italics to complete the sentences.
1.(pay) Boris his bills on time.
2.(cry) Our baby at night.
3.(study) Paul at the library every day.
4.(stay) Jean home at night.
5.(fly) Aslam is a pilot.He a plane.
6.(carry) Carol her books to class.
7.(pray) Jack every day.
8.(worry) Ann is a good student, but she about her grades.
9.(buy) Tina new clothes.
10.(enjoy) Don good food.
Exercise 3:Use the the given VERBS to complete the sentences.
1. do Perry always does his homework.
2. do We always do our homework.
3. have Yoko and Ali their books.
4. have Aslam a car.
5. go Bill to school every day.
6. go My friends often to the beach.
7. do Anna seldom her homework.
8. do We exercises in class every day.
9. go,go Roberto downtown every weekend.He and his wife shopping.
10. have Jessica a snack every night around ten.
